Proposed Technique for Sidelobes Suppression

Chapter 4 PROPOSED TECHNIQUE FOR SIDELOBES SUPPRESSION As seen in old chapters, there are many sidelobes suppression techniques proposed but most of these proposed sidelobe suppression techniques are non good balanced between the complexness and public presentation. The available techniques have their ain advantages and disadvantages in footings of design, execution or may impact the other factors which consequences in hapless overall efficiency. So in this thesis work we are suggesting Correlative cryptography as another sidelobes one of the suppression method which can be utilized for cut downing the sidelobes power significantly. Before that, allow us see some basic thought about correlativity cryptography. So far, we have considered the inter symbol intervention as an inauspicious happening which produces a debasement in the system public presentation. Undeniably, its name itself describes a nuisance consequence. However, by adding inter symbol intervention to the familial signal in a controlled or known mode, it is possible to accomplish a spot rate of 2B0spots per second in a channel of bandwidth B0Hz. These techniques are calledcorrelate cryptographyorpartial-responsesignaling techniques. Since, correlate cryptography strategy is based on the sum of ISI introduced into familial signal. So, the sum of ISI in familial signal is known. The consequence of this ISI can be compensated at the receiving system from the known measure of the ISI.Duobinary signalingThe basic thought of correlate cryptography will now be illustrated by sing the specific illustration of duobinary signaling, where â€Å"duo† implies duplicating of the transmittal capacity of a consecutive double star system. See a binary input sequence { BK} dwelling of uncorrelated binary figures each holding continuance TBseconds, with symbol 1 represented by a pulsation of amplitude +1 V, and symbol O by a pulsation of amplitu de -1 V. When this sequence is applied to a duobinary encoder, it is converted into three-level end product, viz. , -2, 0 and +2 Vs. To bring forth this transmutation, we may utilize the strategy shown in figure 4.1. Figure 4.1: Duobinary signaling strategy. The binary sequence { BK} is first passed through a simple filter affecting a individual hold component. For every unit impulse applied to the input of this filter, we get two unit impulse spaced TBseconds apart at the filter end product. We may therefore show the figure degree CelsiusKat duobinary programmer end product as the amount of the present binary figure BKand its old value Bk-1, as shown by CK=bK+bk-1— — — — — — – ( 17 ) One of the effects of the transmutation describe by ( 17 ) is to alter the input sequence { BK} of uncorrelated binary figures into a sequence { degree CelsiusK} of correlative figures. This correlativity between the next familial degrees may be viewed as presenting intersymbol intervention into the familial signal in an unreal mode. However, this inter symbol intervention is under the designer’s control, which is the footing of correlate cryptography. An ideal hold component, bring forthing a hold of TBseconds, has the transportation map exp ( -j2?fTB) , so that the transportation map of the simple filter shown in figure 18 is 1+exp ( -j2?fTB) . Hence, the overall transportation map of this filter connected in cascade with the ideal channel Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is H ( degree Fahrenheit ) = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ 1+ exp ( -j2?fTB) ] = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ exp ( j?fTB) + exp ( – j?fTB) ] exp ( -j?fTB) = 2 Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) cos ( ?fTB) exp ( – j?fTB )— — — — — — ( 18 ) For an ideal channel of bandwidth B0=RB/2, we have Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = — — — — — — – ( 19 ) Therefore the overall frequence response has the signifier of a half-cycle cosine map, as shown by Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) = — — — — — — – ( 20 ) For which the amplitude response and stage response are as shown in figure 4.2 ( a ) and figure 4.2 ( B ) , severally. An advantage of this frequence response is that it can be easy approximated in pattern. Figure 4.2: frequence response of duobinary transition filter The corresponding value of the impulse response consists of two sinc pulsations, clip displayed by TBseconds, as shown by ( except for a scaling factor ) — — — — — – ( 21 ) Which is shown aforethought in figure 4.3.We see that the overall impulse response H ( T ) has merely two distinguishable value at the trying blink of an eyes. Figure 4.3: Impulse response of duobinary transition filter. The original informations { BK} may be detected from the duobinary-coded sequence { degree CelsiusK} by deducting the old decoded binary figure from the presently received digit degree CelsiussKin conformity with equation ( 17 ) . Specifically, allowing bI‚Kstand for the estimation of the original binary figure BKas conceived by the receiving system at clip t equal to kTB, we have bI‚K= cK– bI‚k-1— — — — — — ( 22 ) It is evident that if degree CelsiussKis received without mistake and if besides the old estimation bI‚k-1at clip t= ( k-1 ) ThymineBcorresponds to a right determination, so the current estimation bI‚Kwill be right excessively. The technique of utilizing a stored estimation of the old symbol is called determination feedback. We observe that the sensing process merely described is basically an opposite of the operation of the simple filter at the sender. However, a drawback of this sensing procedure is that one time mistakes are made, they tend to propagate. This is due to the fact that a determination on the current binary figure BKdepends on the rightness of the determination made on the old binary figure Bk-1. A practical agency of avoiding this mistake extension is to utilize precoding before the duobinary cryptography, as shown in fig 6.11. The precoding operation performed on the input binary sequence { BK} converts it into another binary sequence { aK} defined by aK= BK+ ak-1modulo-2 — — — — — – ( 23 ) Modulo-2 add-on is tantamount to the exclusive-or operation. An exclusive-or gate operates as follows. The end product of an exclusive-or gate is a 1 if precisely one input is a 1: otherwise, the end product is a 0. The ensuing precoder end product { aK} is following applied to the duobinary programmer, thereby bring forthing the sequence { degree CelsiusK} that is related to { aK} as follows: degree CelsiussK= aK+ ak-1— — — — — ( 24 ) Note that unlike the line drive operation of duobinary cryptography, the precoding is a nonlinear operation. We assume that symbol 1 at the precoder end product in figure 4.4 is represented by +1 V and symbol 0 by -1 V. Figure 4.4: A precoded duobinary strategy. Therefore, from equation ( 22 ) and ( 23 ) , we find that CK=  ±2 Vs, if BKis represented by symbol 0 0 Vs, if BKis represented by symbol 1 — — — — — ( 25 ) From equation ( 25 ) we deduce the undermentioned determination regulation for observing the original input binary sequence { BK} from { degree CelsiusK} : BK= Symbol 0 if |cK| & A ; gt ; 1 V Symbol 1 if |cK| & A ; lt ; 1 V — — — — – ( 26 ) Harmonizing to equation ( 26 ) , the decipherer consists of a rectifier, the end product of which is compared to a threshold of 1 V, and the original binary sequence { BK} is thereby detected. A block diagram of the sensor is shown in figure 4.5. A utile characteristic of this sensor is that no cognition of any input sample other than the present one is required. Hence, mistake extension can non happen in the sensor of figure 4.5. Figure 4.5: Detector for retrieving original binary sequence from the precoded duobinary programmer end product.Modified Duobinary signalingThe modified duobinary technique involves a correlativity span of two binary figures. This is achieved by deducting input binary figures spaced 2TBseconds apart, as indicated in the block diagram of figure 4.6. The end product of the modified duobinary transition filter is related to the sequence { aK} at its input as follows: degree CelsiussK= aK– ak-2— — — — — ( 27 ) Figure 4.6: Modified duobinary signaling strategy. Here, once more, we find that a three degree signal is generated. If aK=  ±1 V, as assumed antecedently, degree CelsiussKtakes on one of three values: 2, 0, and -2 Vs. The overall transportation map of the tapped-delay-line filter connected in cascade with the ideal channel, as in figure 4.6, is given by H ( degree Fahrenheit ) = Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) [ 1- exp ( -j4?fTB) ] = 2j Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) wickedness ( 2?fTB) exp ( – j2?fTB) — — — — — – ( 28 ) Where Hdegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is as define in equation ( 19 ) . We, hence, have an overall frequence response in the signifier of half-cycle sine map, as shown by H ( degree Fahrenheit ) =2j wickedness ( 2?fTB) exp ( -j2?fTB) |degree Fahrenheit| ? RoentgenB/2 0 otherwise — — — — — – ( 29 ) The corresponding amplitude response and stage response of the modified duobinary programmer are shown in figure 4.7 ( a ) and 4.7 ( B ) , severally. Amplitude responsePhase responseFigure 4.7: Frequency response of modified duobinary transition filter. The impulse response of the modified duobinary programmer consists of two sinc pulsations that are time-displaced by 2TBseconds, as shown by ( except for a scaling factor ) — — — — — – ( 30 ) This impulse response is plotted in figure 4.8, which shows that it has three distinguishable degrees at the trying blink of an eyes. Figure 4.8: Impulse response of modified duobinary transition filter In order to extinguish the possibility of mistake extension in the modified duobinary system, we use a precoding process similar to that used for duobinary instance. Specifically, prior to the coevals of the modified duobinary signal, a modulo-2 logical add-on is used on signals 2TBseconds apart, as shown by aK= BK+ ak-2modulo-2 — — — — — – ( 31 ) Where { BK} is the input binary sequence and { aK} is the sequence at the precoder end product. Note that modulo-2 add-on and modulo-2 minus are same. The sequence { aK} therefore produce is so applied to the modified duobinary transition filter. In instance of figure 4.6, the end product digit degree CelsiussKpeers 0, +2, or -2 Vs. Besides we find that BKcan be extracted from degree CelsiusKby ignoring the mutual opposition of degree CelsiusK, as was done with the duobinary technique. Specifically, we may pull out the original sequence { BK} at the receiving system utilizing the undermentioned determination regulation: BK= Symbol 0 if |cK| & A ; lt ; 1 V Symbol 1 if |cK| & A ; gt ; 1 V — — — — — ( 32 )Generalized signifier of Correlative CodingThe duobinary and modified duobinary techniques have correlativity spans of one binary figure and two binary figures, severally. It is consecutive frontward affair to generalise these two strategies to other strategies, which are known jointly as correlate cryptography strategies. This generalisation is shown in figure 4.9, where Hydrogendegree Celsiuss( degree Fahrenheit ) is defined in equation ( 18 ) . Figure 4.9: Generalized correlate cryptography strategy. It involves the usage of a tapped hold line filter with tap weights tungsten0tungsten1, ,tungsten2, w3†¦wN-1.Specifically, a correlate sample degree CelsiusKis obtained from a ace place of N consecutive input sample values bK, as shown by N-1 degree CelsiussK= ? tungstenNBk-n— — — — — — ( 33 ) n=0 Therefore by taking assorted combinations of whole number values for the tungstenN,we can obtain different signifiers of correlate coding strategies to accommodate single applications. For illustration, In duo-binary instance we have tungsten0= +1 tungsten1= +1 and tungstenN= 0 for n?2. In modified duo-binary instance we have tungsten0= +1 tungsten1= 0 tungsten2= -1 and tungstenN= 0 for n?3. Correlative cryptography is an efficient transmittal technique on bandlimited digital communications. Correlative cryptography introduces memory or correlativity to the transmitted informations watercourse in clip Domain, in a manner that the power spectrum of the transmitted bandlimited signal is shaped to exhibit gradual roll-off to band borders. This spectral belongings dramatically reduces the sum of inordinate intersymbol intervention at the receiving system when the symbol timing is non absolutely synchronized. Particularly, correlatively coded OFDM has been widely used to supply high grade of hardiness against deep slices, and is much more popularly known as pre-coded OFDM. Despite these abundant applications, correlate cryptography is ne'er used in OFDM for spectral defining. Correlative cryptography is adopted to determine the signal spectrum of the rectangular pulsed OFDM signals with an effort to accomplish high spectral concentration. Chapter 5 RESULT ANALYSIS Matrix Laboratory [ MATLAB ] is a imitating tool which is used to demo all the consequences. As we have discussed in the old subdivisions, ab initio we will bring forth an OFDM signal and look into the sidelobe degrees for the generated OFDM. An OFDM signal is generated for the figure of bearersNitrogenas 128 and using a BPSK transition strategy for transition. Figure 5.1: The generated OFDM signal The power spectrum methods like Periodogram and Welch’s method were ab initio carried out for spectral appraisal but the consequences of which were non satisfactory. So Multitaper spectral appraisal technique was used to bring forth the power spectrum of the OFDM signal. As we discussed in item about the multitaper spectrum analysis in subdivision 2.4.2, the stairss has been followed and the spectrum of OFDM is generated utilizing MATLAB package. Figure 5.2 illustrate the spectrum of above generated OFDM. Figure 5.2: PSD of the generated OFDM. As we discussed in the subdivision 4.1 and 4.2, the duobinry, modified duobinary cryptography is implemented. Figure 5.3 and 5.4 represent the duobinary coded OFDM and its PSD severally. Figure 5.5 and 5.6 represent the modified duobinary coded OFDM signal and its PSD severally. Figure 5.3: Duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.4: PSD of the duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.5: Modified duobinary coded OFDM signal. Figure 5.6: PSD of the modified duobinary coded OFDM signal. The figure 5.7 will exemplify the PSD comparing of all 3 PSD’s in a individual graph as follows. Figure 5.7: PSD comparing of OFDM, duobinary coded OFDM, Modified duobinary coded OFDM. 1

Crisis Communication Essay

A crisis is any event that triggers a level of public interest and media inquiry that requires a significant increase in staffing and/or resources to make a reasonable media response. Crises include such things as disease outbreaks, disasters and other health matters. Crises also may include fires, breakdowns in communications, disruptions in services and even rumors. A major example in the one focusing on the San Fransisco Bay which was struck by an earthquake. This was referred to as the Loma Prieta earthquake. It was measuring 6. 9 on the moment magnitude scale. It lasted approximately 15 seconds. This quake injured 3,757 people, left more than 12,000 people homeless and killed 67 people throughout northern California (Betteke Van Ruler, Dejan Vercis, 2004). A crisis situation is defined as any situation or event identified that has a major impact on the community. This plan describes the role of the Office of Public Relations (PR) in collecting and conveying information to the public during or immediately following a crisis or emergency situation. Risk communications can be viewed from two major aspects. First, they may be viewed from public relations profession as its subspecialty and are designed to perform various disciplines among them protecting and defending an individual, an organization facing public challenge in regards to its reputation, or even a company at large. Some of these challenges will mainly come from government agencies as investigations, media inquiries and violation of environmental regulations, criminal allegations, or financial, ethical or legal standing of the entity. Reputation of an organization is always held as its most important or rather valuable asset. Incase of any attack that comes as a threat to a company’s reputation, then protection and defense must be valued as the highest priority. In the current world, 21st century, technology has permitted access to a news cycle that will operate 24 hours, and is also full of investigations from the government. Some other sources of information will include parliamentary hearings,†gotcha’journalism and lawsuits. The result of these is that the media might decide to quickly overwhelm the capability of an entity to effectively respond to the demand of a crisis. For an organization to maintain its reputation therefore, it must watch clearly every move and respond effectively and timely with much confidence. Such moves by a company call for more than just the typical skills from the profession of public relations. It requires keen experience from fields such as politics and investigative reporting. Also, crisis communication can be done through research of compelling statements. The capability of a rapid response entails an essential element during crisis communication. Additional tactics applied may include; recruitment of third party allies who are capable and credible, and will give the good side of the company’s story. The company or organization might also decide to create procreative media that will outreach to get message and also context to the media. One of the major tactics of these is the tradition of striking first and not waiting to be hit. It is important to note that there is need for development of a crisis communication plan, need for creation of a crisis management team team and a crisis communication team that inclusive of the spokesperson James (E. Lukaszewski, 2005). The crisis management team may consist of the library leader and the main librarians and its staff the trustee’s representatives as well as the so called volunteers’ representatives. Communication is also important when designing the management team as well as the legal counsel. Ensure that you are ready to get in touch with the key friends and those directly involved with the library. The communication goals should be set in advance. These must be the goal s that is achievable. These goals must greatly contribute to the ending of the crisis at hand, be able to protect the library picture to the public, minimize tension, show commitment and willingness to meet the values and pass a clear message to the public to maintain good flow of information (Alison Asbury, Ros Jay, 2001). The primary objectives that should be kept in mind for an effective crisis communication solution strategy include a quick, effective, and efficient response. The following are the main objectives that I would wish to discuss in my communication crisis plan: 1. To maintain connectivity 2. To streamline communication process 3. To ensure uninterrupted audit trials 4. To allow distributed access Creating awareness to the community about the ongoing crisis has in the modern world grown significantly. Introduced regulations and standards require high levels of resilience through all aspects of operations within an organization. A good organization therefore must seek effective solutions that will allow them to prepare, plan and test their ability in communication when a crisis strikes. For effective communication, the following key drivers should be kept in mind: ? Protection of relationships ? Strengthening competitive advantage ? Reducing the operating risk and potential losses ? Assuring that there is regulatory compliance. ? Meeting community responsibilities. ? Deterring terrorism When preparing the plan, keep in mind that the business at risk may continue normally or may reach a situation where you will not be able to access all the tools that you used to perform your work. Therefore, your risk communication kit should have the capability of giving a picture of normality as much as possible in situations that are abnormal. It should therefore include all the information such as the computer files, the disks, graphics, and photos among others. The kit should include a list of those in the crisis management team, contact information of the spokes persons, main officers, those involved in the management team. It should also have important fact sheets of the organization, the entire physical location, each division and all the products that it deals with. The profiles and biographies for the main managers in camera and on disk should be made available in crisis kit (Mathew W. Seeger, Timothy L. Sellow, Robert R. Ulmer, 2003). The kit should have in formation on the copies o f the organization, product logos, scanned signatures workers on disk and the press format as well. The scripts that have been prewritten answering the main questions that have been gathered through the scenario of the crisis should also be made available in the kit. Finally, the contact information for all the main media both locally and internationally should be availed in the kit and if in position include the major financial press and analysts. Crisis mobile is a feature of communication that provides levels of communication that is unprecedented . It ensures communication is always on and always available. It also allows instant multichanneled communications from any communication device. This feature also simplifies processes to save time, therefore reducing costs and mitigating optional risks. When a situation arises, you not only have to be prepared to act swiftly, you also have to make timely and informed decisions. That’s why beyond email, voice communications and organizer applications, an organized streamline communication process for the Public Sector allow mobile access to case files and associated records, emergency operating procedures, alert notifications and incident reports – all at the point of need (Brent W. Ritchie, Darly Adair, 2004). The secret to an effective risk communication is to be ready before the crisis occurs. That is, be ready for any emergency. Therefore you will have little time to plan for the direction to take rather than thinking then, which might lead to making wrong decisions. There, to handle any crisis, there must be a proper crisis plan to facilitate it. A perfect risk communication relies on the available systems in that particular place. According to Fitzwater, one should tighten a crisis that is available and make it better. This is not the time to design a system that is ne2w since it won’t be of any help. At this time, one should to be forthcoming and trustworthy at the same time work to facilitate stories. In the presence of a crisis, try to put together all the major players into a common place and get the correct information. One should not give information of which he is not sure about or give what he thinks is right. This may be reported as rumors. Before a crisis, ensure that trustworthy is maintained as well as credible relationships with the part concerned that is the media as they will be no suspicion and they will cooperate as you handle the crisis. Those in charge of crisis management should have a chance of collecting information on the issues that are troublesome (Ricardo Tartaglia, 2005). After gathering the information, they should evaluate, get detailed data on them and look for ways of communicating to prevent their course. Train the chosen spokespersons in handling the media and ensure that you have the target, the message and important media outlets that could be used in different crisis plans. During a crisis, make efforts to reach the word of the press lest they find it through different means. Let the entire public be aware that you are dealing with the problem at hand. Avoid speculations and give information that you know instead (Dan Pyle Millar, Robert Lawrence Health, 2003). With up-to-date information right at their fingertips, the appropriate people coercive proactive notification of evolving situations, verify the issues with colleagues and take action quickly before they escalate into more serious problems. At times when making informed decisions has never been more important, you can be assured of streamline communication for the Public Sector features, the same proven technology used by the world’s leading enterprises to improve their responsiveness (W. Timothy Coombs, 2007). In a world that is as fast-paced as it is unpredictable, it’s more important than ever to find ways to keep all branches of the organization on top of the most current and critical information to continue delivering top notch service to public constituents. After all, things can change in an instant. And we’re living in a time when instant just isn’t fast enough. It goes without saying that there’s no higher priority during emergencies than protecting public safety while minimizing loss of life and property damage. The truth is, you have to be innovative if you want to stay ahead. And ideally, that means making sure everyone in the public sector from executives and officials to legislators – are always connected to the information, communications and applications they need (Dan Pyle Millar, Robert Lawrence Health, 2003). Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) have come out as the technology that ensures secure remote access. VPNs is clientless. This type of sourcing gives access to security breaches in a company. When a user connects to the VPN, after valid authentication, he/she gets access to applications and resources for which he/she has access priviledges. Since VPNs work at the application layer hence there is no direct connection to the network, the users will only connect to resources. VPNs also facilitate fionel grained access controls so the entire data stream is encrypted by a security protocol for the internet traffic. With this, remote access for communication continuity achieves the following: Secure connections for employees to corporate data and applications and, importantly, only to approved resources based on policy. Access controls in VPNs let the right people in and keep the wrong ones out, which is critical during a disaster event. Business as usual for customers, suppliers, and partners, even if their own operations are disrupted and they must get access from remote locations. IT departments can handle other problems during a disaster recovery without having to manage an influx of calls from users or troubleshoot an inefficient remote access system. There is compliance to regulatory requirements, as VPNs provides continuous monitoring, auditing, and data privacy under a business continuity scenario. For compliance regulations such as Sarbanes-Oxley, HIPAA or Gramm- Leach-Bliley. Data Protection mandates stiff protection of personal data for companies. Information Protection Act, which applies strict regulations to government or private entities that collect, handle, or use personal information. Block remote connections from untrusted systems that could infect the corporate network with harmful computer viruses or other malicious software. Keep mission-critical applications available such as CRM, ERP, and e-mail applications. Newer applications, such as voice over Internet protocol and Web conferencing, may also become more important during a disaster due to potential telephone service outages and your increased need to stay in touch with customers. Accommodate a spike in network traffic resulting from an emergency. Just as many people call to check on friends or family who may be in harm’s way, a disaster may cause customers, partners, and suppliers to seek assurance that their business will not be disrupted by a disaster event. Scalability matters (Robert R. Ulmer, Timothy L. Sell now, Mathew W. Seeger, 2007). Plan ahead to ensure remote access doesn’t crash due to high demand. After the crisis has been handled, inform all the individuals involved of the lesson learnt making the review of the important steps taken and look for failures to be corrected. Give credit to any good efforts made and ensure that proper documentation is done. Always, be ready to be part of the decision making process as you seek to get a solution. Be honest in whatever that you handle or any informationthatn you deliver or receive (J A. Cappy Surrette, 2003). Be ready always because you never know what is on the way coming. REFERENCES Robert R. Ulmer, Timothy L. Sell now, Mathew W. Seeger (2007) Effective Crisis Communication: Moving fro Crisis to Opportunity. SAGE, ISBN142914183 Dan Pyle Millar, Robert Lawrence Health (2003) Responding to Crisis: A Rhetorical Approach to Crisis Communication. Lawrence Associates, ISBN0805840605 W. Timothy Coombs (2007). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, managing, and Responding. SAGE Publication, ISBN1412949920. Mathew W. Seeger, Timothy L. Sellow, Robert R. Ulmer (2003). Communication and Organizational Crisis. Greenwood Publishers, ISBN0763747769 Ricardo Tartaglia (2005). Healthcare Systems Ergonomics and Patient Safety. Taylor and Francis, ISBN041537782. Brent W. Ritchie, Darly Adair (2004). Interrelationships, Impacts and issues ISBN1873150652 Betteke Van Ruler, Dejan Vercis (2004). Public Relation and Communication Management in Europe. Walter de Gruyter, ISBN3110176114 Alison Asbury, Ros Jay (2001). Quick Answers to Marketing Questions. Prentice Hall, ISBN07273653253. James E. Lukaszewski (2005). Crisis Communication Plan Components and Models: Crisis Communication. Lukaszewski Group, ISBN1883291402. J A Cappy Surrette (2003). The USS Greenville Collision: A discussion of Crisis Communication

Cultural Ethnography, Scheins Model Essay - 3651 Words

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The Death of Indian Culture Exposed in The Jewel In the...

The Death of Indian Culture Exposed in The Jewel In the Crown The Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott, is a postcolonial novel about the realism of the interracial love affair between Daphne Manners and Hari Kumar, the subsequent rape of Daphne Manners, and the after effects on British and Indian relations. At a time when British and Indian affairs were strained, at best, the rape of Miss Manners is significantly metaphoric of the British rape of Indian land and culture. British colonial sentiment became a primary influence in India, when the revolt of 1857 led to the reorganization of British influence. The British felt that India could not rule itself, that they (the British) would govern India as its benefactor, bringing†¦show more content†¦In the town of Mayapore, the English lived in the civil and military cantonment. It was another world from the Indian side of town, divided by the invisible line of difference in cultures. The English found the native Indians distasteful, crude and ignorant. Both sides were carefully segregated, t he whites preserving their sense of home in exile. In the wake of this superiority in thought and feeling amongst the English, the British government in India fell into an authoritarian rule. The British raj could do anything....anything that offended was an offense. A man could be imprisoned without a trial (JIC, p. 126). Ronald Merrick was the epitome of such sentiments. He flaunted his authority and his anti-Indian feelings. These feelings seem to be summed up in his persecution of Hari Kumar, whom he had already chosen, chosen as a victim. For Merrick was a man unable to love. Only was he able to punish (JIC, p. 155). It was through the association of Miss Manners with Hari that caused him to become part of the triangle, which was the undoing of all three. 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Domestic Violence Problem Question Paper Essay - 1346 Words

Domestic Violence Problem Question Domestic violence has occurred between John and Linda. Domestic violence is defined as â€Å"any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coercive, threatening behaviour, violence or abuse† I would advise Linda to rely on The Family Homes and Domestic (Northern Ireland) Order 1998, to seek a non-molestation order (NMO) and Occupation Order against John simultaneously. Linda has the option to use the criminal law, but as Linda would like to maintain a relationship with john and stop the violence, the civil law would be more applicable, as it is designed to respond to the needs of the victim . Linda could apply for an ex parte (without notice) NMO, relying on Article 23(a) , as ‘significant harm’ is seen to be where physical violence has taken place. In this case, Linda has been struck several times by john. Therefore, the court may grant an order if they believe it is â€Å"just and convenient† , but is restricted in time, as the respondent (John) must have the ability to access a full hearing, otherwise breaching his Article 6 rights to a fair trial. As both orders offer a separate form of protection for Linda, I will be addressing them individually. Non-Molestation Order An NMO is to provide personal protection from abuse suffered, as it prohibits the respondent from molesting an associated person or relevant child . Breaching this leads to a criminal offence, as the power of arrest is attached to an NMO. For both applications,Show MoreRelatedDomestic Violence And Sexual Violence1535 Words   |  7 PagesProblem Statement Around the world, one in every three women has been coerced into having intercourse, beaten, or abused during some point in her lifetime (Domestic Violence Statistics, 2015). 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Effective Study Skills free essay sample

Why it is so hard to concentrate while studying, or even to study effectively? The hardest part of studying is concentrating on the material at hand. Memorizing everything is nearly impossible, but with a better understanding of effective memorization skills you can improve your memorization skills surely. Did you know that the most effective method of studying is to use notes, or note-cards? Some people actually have trouble taking notes, due to improper note taking methods. Although there are many different methods for effective study skills, there are three that have been proven to be the most effective: concentration, memorization, and ote taking skills. Have you ever found yourself reading a paragraph, and when you finish you think to yourself, What did I Just read? Well 10 and behold; it happens to the best of us. One proven method of concentration is to get yourself into a quite, but not completely silent to where you hear yourself think, environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Study Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also if you will adjust yourself to where you are not slouching or hunching over, as these positions tend to make you ache or get sleepy. The next step is to read at a steady pace, not too fast to where you forget and not to slow to where you read the same thing over and If youre like me then you probably forget a lot of things you read on a daily basis. I sometimes find myself wishing I was like a computer and I could Just store anything and everything, except for viruses. We, as human beings, cannot and will not ever be able to remember everything; however we can remember key items, but only with the proper techniques. The key to remembrance is to review more than once, and take breaks in between your study sessions. Also be sure to prioritize what you plan to study and how you plan to conduct your study sessions. Another proven memorization technique is to take notes, which we will discuss next. Proper note taking is probably the hardest of the three steps, due to most people not knowing what to take note of. Many people can take notes great, but some have trouble knowing what to write down, or if the note they Just wrote is even note- worthy. Any form of note-taking that requires compilation of information by categories, rather than in narrative form is best done using index cards. Index cards are a life saver when it comes to taking notes, and the best part is you can use them for Q A, highlights, key points, or even paraphrasing. One of the best pieces of advice is that if the note doesnt sound note-worthy, its probably not. Effective study skills can mean the difference between an A and a B. In most cases it can make a world of difference in your school of choice or even your life long career decisions. Many people today think that they had it rough when they went through school, well in my young age, we too have it rough and the only way to stay on top is through self improvement. Just remember the next time you sit down for a study session; concentration is the key, memorization will help you unlock the door, and taking notes will hopefully keep you from forgetting to lock it behind you. Effective Study Skills By hahaitsmine

Just a Dandelion free essay sample

WHO AM I, LIVING IN THE MIDDLE OF HISTORY, TO TELL THE UNIVERSE THAT IT OR MY OBSERVATION OF IT IS TEMPORARY? I am just a dandelion – as every person inhabiting planet earth. Eternity is a concept beyond my grasps and comprehension. It comprises of thousands, billions of momentary lives – like mine and yours. We flicker on and out. We are here one moment and the next we may be gone. How much we manage to reach out, on how many things we do indeed put a finger on remains unfathomable. The only purpose in our lives that seems somewhat reasonable and credible is to find our purpose. What’s the point in living when you can be blown away by the wind any second now? However, it is an unpromising and unpropitious venture and whoever sets out to delve into the depths of the recondite and abstruse, lands up in the depths of despair instead. We will write a custom essay sample on Just a Dandelion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Needless to say, the only way out is dead-end street. I am just a dandelion – like you. I can get blown away by the harsh wind as I am sitting in my room and typing those words. I like being a part of that world, though†¦ a world of so many unknowns. And I contempt the impending second when my observation of it will come to an end. I despise the fact that my story would be dwindled and lost among the hundreds other. I abhor the mere thought that my observation would halt. I hate it†¦ But I am just a fragile dandelion – I am here and I am gone. Good riddance to bad rubbish. I grow to divulge the spring and the warm summer sun but I seldom make it to the hot days of August. The risen sun too bright in my losing eyes. The howling wind too wicked against my frail wings. Who am I to insinuate hatred towards that infinite magnificence of power? I am just a dandelion but I do relish my tenuous being. Perhaps I am temporary. Perhaps what I get is just a glimpse of t he marvels the universe beholds. But I retain my right to observe its glory and riot of colours. And I intend to indulge and bask in it. So here I am, sharing my momentary contemplation of a might too abstract and too arcane to name. My existence may be ephemeral but my observation (and my personal growth) would be conserved in the time capsule my essays are.